What is the meaning of density of population? Examine the four geographical factors that influence the distribution of the population in the world with suitable examples.

Population density is the measurement of population per unit area or per square kilometre is known as population density. National Capital Region, Delhi is the most densely populated area in the country with a density of 11320. Among states, Bihar is the densely populated state in India with a density of 1106. This data is according to the 2011 census.

Factors affecting population distribution

• Landforms:

People prefer living on flat plains and gentle slopes. This is because such areas are favourable for the production of crops and to build roads and industries. The mountainous and hilly areas hinder the development of the transport network and hence initially do not favour agricultural and industrial development.

• Availability of water

Water is the most precious natural resource which is very essential for sustenance of life. Therefore people prefer to live in areas where fresh water is easily available.

• Climate

Extreme climates such as very hot or cold deserts are scratchy for human habitation. Areas with a comfortable climate, where there is not much seasonal difference to attract more people. Regions with very heavy rainfall or extreme and unsympathetic climates have low population

• Urbanization

Lack of employment in rural areas is the main reason for the movement of people from rural to urban occurs. In urban areas, there will be more employment opportunities due to factories and industries. Employment status of the society can be improved by the Urbanization.