Explain the reasons behind the fast growth of the population and also note down the problem created by it.

India is the country which is ranked second in terms of population growth. There are many factors which contribute to the growth rate of the population such as birth rate, death rate, migration, etc. The main factor responsible for the growth rate of population is the birth rate. The birth rate is the number of newly born infants in the country.

Reasons for the fast growth of population

• Poverty

Poverty is believed to be the most important cause of overpopulation. A lack of educational resources, coupled with high death rates leading to higher birth rates, result in indigent areas seeing large booms in population. The lack of poverty will reduce the overall income of the society; hence there will be no enhancement in the standard of living which will reduce the population.

• Migration

Migration is a major problem in some parts of the world. If the population of various countries migrates to a particular part of the world and settles over there, the area is bound to experience from the ill effects of overpopulation. If the rates of emigration from a certain nation do not match the rates of immigration to that country, overpopulation makes its way. The country becomes overly populated.

• Education

Illiteracy is another significant cause of overpopulation. Those lacking education be unsuccessful to understand the need to prevent extreme growth of population. They are unable to understand the adverse effects that overpopulation has. They are ignorant of the ways to control the population. Lack of family planning is normally seen in the illiterate lot of the world. This is one of the major factors important for overpopulation. Due to ignorance, they do not take to family planning measures, thus causative to a rise in population.

Problems created by population

• Environmental issue

Rapid population growth leads to environmental change such as pollution. Rapid population growth has swelled the ranks of unemployed men and women at a frightening rate. Due to this, a large number of people are being pushed in ecologically responsive areas such as hillsides and tropical forests. It leads to the cutting of forests for development leading to several environmental changes.

• Increases unemployment

With the growth of the population without any increase in natural resources,there will a massive increase in unemployment. The increase in unemployment will also increase poverty in the country. The economy cannot generate adequate employment opportunity for advancement in the employment opportunity in the economy.

• Food production

The food production cannot be increased to the level of growth in the population. The under-developed countries with rapidly growing population are generally faced with a problem of food shortage. Since the resource is limited the production cannot be increased to meet the full needs of the population.