What is urbanization and what are the pros and cons of urbanization?

The urbanization is the common situation in which people from rural areas will move to urban due to attraction towards employment, education, health, and some other factors. The migration mainly happens from rural to urban due to many reasons. The main importance of the urbanization is:

• Employment

Lack of employment in rural areas is the main reason for the movement of people from rural to urban occurs. In urban areas, there will be more employment opportunities due to the factories and industries. Employment status of the society can be improved by the Urbanization.

• Better education

Another importance for the migration from the rural to urban is the attraction towards the better education facility in urban. Schooling in rural areas will lack in the quality of teaching. Therefore urbanization provides a better education facility for the students. The higher educational institutions are also only available in urban areas which increase the urbanization.

• Better health care

Urban areas provide better health care and infrastructure facility which will attract the migrants from the rural to urban. Health facility in the interior areas will be worse than the facility in urban areas.

Consequences of the urbanization

• Pollution

Urban areas will be most affected by high pollution and diseases. Because of the increase in the population, there will be industrial development in the society. The industrial waste will be disposed of such a way that there will be pollution in rivers, land, and air.

• Lack of affordability

The cost of living in urban areas will be costlier than the rural areas. This cost is higher because there is a lack of houses and free space for the migrants. This less supply of houses makes the price of the houses and accommodation costlier.

• More densely populated

The urban areas will be more densely populated because of increase in population in the urban areas. This makes the shortage in available drinking water, pollution, etc. The dense population will also affect the atmosphere.