Q2 of 12 Page 275

Identify the major changes in the party system during the second phase of independence?

Since independence, there was a single party rule in India. The Congress won the first three general elections until the period ending in 1997. But after the period following the emergency, the following major changes took place in the party system:

1. The single-party rule came to an end, and the multi-party system emerged.


2. Several regional parties came to the forefront with increased awareness and full of competitive spirit. Thus national parties could not come to power without their support.


3. India witnessed the era of coalition party system from 1977 onwards.


Hence the single-party rule came to an end, and the other parties began to assert their importance in the formation of the government.


More from this chapter

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1

Match the following:

Column A


i) Economic liberalization


ii) Arbitrary dismissal


iii) Ethnic cleansing


iv) Federal principle


Column B


a) restriction in foreign import tax


b) of state governments by central government


c) towards people who are different from themselves


d) greater autonomy for state governments

 3

What are the major economic policies of various governments at the Centre and the state discussed in this and the previous chapters? How are they similar or different?

 4

How did regional aspirations lead to the formation of regional parties? Compare the differences and similarities between the two different phases.

 5

In order to form governments, it becomes necessary for political parties to attract people from different sections of society. How did different political parties realize these objectives in the second phase after independence?