What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world?

Distribution of population refers to the way in which humans are spread over the earth’s surface. Different geographic, economic and social factors influence population distribution on earth. These factors also contribute towards making the population distribution extremely uneven.

• Geographical Factors – Humans tend to avoid places with uneven terrain, extreme climate, poor soil fertility and lack of fresh water. Population is high in places that have opposite factors like the Ganges Plains which is characterized by even topography, moderate climate, high soil fertility and abundant supply of fresh water.

• Social and cultural Factors - Often urban areas are densely populated because of better housing, education and health facilities. Religion or cultural significance increases the population density of certain places.

• Economic Factors - population distribution increases in areas which provide better economic opportunities. Areas like Mumbai and Delhi with their surrounding region has high industrial development which attracts lot of migrants because of the economic prospects.