State the problems arising from migration to urban areas.

Large scale migration to the urban areas due to industrialization gave rise to various problems. Some of them are :

• Crime

• Poor living condition

• Unemployment.

Crime :

• Maintaing law and order to control such a huge population became a major problem.

• According to philanthropists, public morality was deteriorating.

• Poverty led to the increase of theft, pickpockets and other crimes.

Poor living condition :

• Industries were unable to provide their labourers with adequate housing.

• There was a rise in slum areas where cheap housing was provided to the poor.

• These slum rooms were mainly one chamber rooms with very poor sanitation. They were often overcrowded and lacked proper ventilation.

• There was a risk of the epidemic due to unhygienic living conditions.

Unemployment :

• Factories were having surplus labour so it was often becoming a problem to find a suitable job.

• During World War I, men were inducted in armies. So, women and children were employed in factories to fill the vacancy and meet the huge demand for materials during wartime.

• After WWI, when men returned, women lost their factory jobs and they were forced to do household jobs of tailoring, nursing or work as housemaids.