Q49 of 68 Page 44

Predict the shapes of the following molecules on the basis of hybridisation.
BCl₃, CH₄ , CO₂, NH₃

In compound BCl₃, Boron has sp²-hybridisation and the shape is Triangular Planar.

In methane CH₄, Carbon has sp³ -hybridization and shape are Tetrahedral.

In carbon dioxide CO₂, carbon has sp-hybridisation and shape is Linear.

In ammonia NH₃, nitrogen has sp³-hybridisation and shape is Pyramidal.

Elements X, Y and Z have 4, 5 and 7 valence electrons respectively.

(i) Write the molecular formula of the compounds formed by these elements individually with hydrogen.

(ii) Which of these compounds will have the highest dipole moment?

Draw the resonating structure of

(i) Ozone molecule

(ii) Nitrate ion

All the C—O bonds in carbonate ion (CO^2-₃ ) are equal in length. Explain

What is meant by the term average bond enthalpy? Why is there difference in bond enthalpy of O—H bond in ethanol (C₂H₅OH) and water?

Predict the shapes of the following molecules on the basis of hybridisation.BCl3, CH4 , CO2, NH3