Q32 of 37 Page 1

Identify the product formed when propan-1-ol is treated with Conc. H2SO4 at 413 K. Write the mechanism involved for the above reaction.

Propan-1-ol, when treated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 413K undergoes dehydration and forms protonated alcohol, which on further treatment with the alcohol forms an ether, 1-Propoxypropane. The mechanism followed is a nucleophilic bimolecular reaction (SN2) involving the attack of alcohol molecule on a protonated alcohol. Simple reaction is given as



The full reaction is carried out in three steps. The first step is protonation of propan-1-ol, the next is the nucleophilic attack by the protonated alcohol on another alcohol molecule. The final step is the deprotonation of the complex to form di-n-propyl ether.



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30

Answer the following questions:

(a) Which of the following electrolytes is most effective for the coagulation of AgI/Ag+ sol?


- MgCl2, K2SO4, K4[Fe(CN)6]


(b) What happens when a freshly precipitated Fe(OH)3 is shaken with a little amount of dilute solution of FeCl3.


(c) Out of sulphur sol and proteins, which one forms macromolecular colloids?


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Account for the following:

a) Moist SO2 decolourises KMnO4 solution


b) In general interhalogen compounds are more reactive than halogens (except fluorine).


(c) Ozone acts as as powerful oxidizing agent.


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(a) Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:

(i) Ethanal and Propanone.


(ii) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one.(b) Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their acid strength: Benzoic acid, 4- Nitrobenzoic acid, 3,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid, 4- Methoxybenzoic acid.


OR


Compare the reactivity of benzaldehyde and ethanal towards nucleophilic addition reactions. Write the cross aldol condensation product between benzaldehyde and ethanal.


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Define and write an example for the following:

(a) Broad-spectrum antibiotics.


(b) Analgesics