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Visible light passing through a circular hole forms a diffraction disc of radius 0.1 mm on a screen. If X-ray is passed through the same set-up, the radius of the diffraction disc will be

From the theory of diffraction, the radius of diffraction varies directly with the wavelength. So, radius is smaller for smaller wavelengths (X-rays) and larger for larger wavelengths (visible light)

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12

50% of the X-rays coming from a Coolidge tube is able to pass through a 0.1 mm thick aluminium foil. The potential difference between the target and the filament is increased. The thickness of aluminum foil, which will allow 50% of the X-ray to pass through, will be

 13

X-ray from a Coolidge tube is incident on a thin aluminium foil. The intensity of the X-ray transmitted by the foil is found to be I0. The heating current is increased so as to increase the temperature of the filament. The intensity of the X-ray transmitted by the foil will be

 1

For harder X-rays,

 2

Cutoff wavelength of X-rays coming from a Coolidge tube depends on the