Q39 of 48 Page 15

In one of the industrial process for manufacture of sodium hydroxide, a gas X is formed as by-product. The gas X reacts with lime water to give a compound Y which is used as a bleaching agent in chemical industry. Identify X and Y giving the chemical equation of the reaction involved.

During the manufacture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrogen gas (H2) and chlorine gas Cl2 (X) are formed as by-products. Chlorine gas reacts with lime water [Ca(OH) 2 ]to produce bleaching powder (CaOCl2), a bleaching agent.


Thus X is chlorine gas (Cl2 gas). Y is calcium oxychloride or bleaching powder (CaOCl2).


The chemical equation for the preparation of sodium hydroxide is as follows:




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37

How will you distinguish between baking powder and washing soda by heating?

 38

Salt A commonly used in bakery products on heating gets converted into another salt B which itself is used for removal of hardness of water and a gas C is evolved. The gas C when passed through lime water, turns it milky. Identify A, B and C.

 40

Fill in the missing data in the given table.























































Name of the salt



Formula



Salt obtained from



Base



Acid



(i)



Ammonium chloride



NH4Cl



NH4OH



-



(ii)



Copper sulphate



-



-



H2SO4



(iii)



Sodium chloride



NaCl



NaOH



-



(iv)



Magnesium nitrate



Mg(NO3)2



-



HNO3



(v)



Potassium sulphate



K2SO4



-



-



(vi)



Calcuim nitrate



Ca(NO3)2



Ca(OH)2



-



 41

What are strong and weak acids? In the following list of acids, separate strong acids from weak acids.

Hydrochloride acid, citric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, formic acid, sulphuric acid.