Q44 of 48 Page 16

For making cake, baking powder is taken. If at your home mother uses baking soda instead of baking powder in cake.

(a) How will it affect the taste of the cake and why?


(b) How can baking soda be converted into baking powder?


(c) What is the role of tartaric acid added to baking soda?

While making cake if baking soda is used instead of baking powder the cake will taste bitter. Baking soda (NaHCO3) is a base and we know that bases are bitter. In case of baking powder, tartaric acid neutralizes the bitter taste of baking soda. On heating baking powder produces sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water. Sodium carbonate makes the cake taste bitter.


2NaHCO3 + Heat ⇨ Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O


(b) Baking soda can be converted into baking powder by adding tartaric acid and starch.


(c) Tartaric acid produces hydrogen ions when it reacts with water. Hydrogen ions produced by tartaric acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate and gives carbon dioxide which makes the dough soft and fluffy. Tartaric acid also neutralizes sodium carbonate (formed as a result of heating baking soda) to form sodium tartarate that has pleasant smell and good taste.


2NaHCO3 + C4H6O6⇨ 2CO2 + 2H2O + Na2C4H4O6

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42

When zinc metal is treated with a dilute solution of a strong acid, a gas is evolved, which is utilised in the hydrogenation of oil. Name the gas evolved. Write the chemical equation of the reaction involved and also write a test to detect the gas formed.

 43

In the following schematic diagram for the preparation of hydrogen gas as shown in the figure, what would happen if the following changes are made?



(a) In place of zinc granules, same amount of zinc dust is taken in the test tube.


(b) Instead of dilute sulphuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid is taken.


(c) In place of zinc, copper turnings are taken.


(d) Sodium hydroxide is taken in place of dilute sulphuric acid and the tube is heated.

 45

A metal carbonate X on reacting with an acid gives a gas which when passed through a solution Y gives the carbonate back. On the other hand, a gas G that is obtained at anode during electrolysis of brine is passed on dry Y, it gives a compound Z, used for disinfecting drinking water. Identify X, Y, G , and Z.

 46

A dry pellet of a common base B, when kept in open absorbs moisture and turns sticky. The compound is also a by-product of chloralkali process. Identify B. What type of reaction occurs when B is treated with an acidic oxide? Write a balanced chemical equation for one such solution.