The human body has an organ A which acts as a double pump. The oxygenated blood coming from the lungs through a blood vessel B enters the upper left chamber C of the double pump. When chamber C contracts, then blood goes into lower left chamber D. The contraction of chamber D forces the blood to go into a blood vessel E which supplies oxygenated blood to all the organs of the body (except the lungs). The deoxygenated blood coming out of the body organs is taken by a blood vessel F to the right upper chamber G of pumping organ. Contraction of Chamber G forces the deoxygenated blood into right lower chamber H. And finally the contraction of chamber H sends the deoxygenated blood into lungs through a blood vessel I.

(a) What is organ A ?

(b) Name the blood vessel (i) B (ii) E (iii) F, and (iv) I.

(c) What are chambers (i) C, and (i) D?

(d) What are chambers (i) G and (ii) H ?

Water and dissolved minerals get into the root hair of a plant by a process called A and enter the conducting tissue B. The process C helps the water and dissolved minerals to move up through the tissue B in roots and stem, and reach the leaves of a plant. In the leaves food is made by a process D. This food is then transported to all the parts of a plant through tissue E. The process of distributing food made in the leaves to all the parts of the plant is called F.

(a) What are (i) A (ii) B (iii) C (iv) D (v) E, and (vi) F ?

(b) Which tissue is made up of living cells : B or E ?

(c) Which tissue, B or E, contains sieve tubes?

(d) Which tissue, B or E, contains tracheids ?

The liquid connective tissue A circulates in our body continuously without stopping. This tissue contains a pigment B which imparts it a colour C. The tissue A consists of four components D, E, F and G. The component D fights infection and protects us from diseases. The component E helps in the clotting of tissue A if a person gets a cut. The component F is a liquid which consists mainly of water with many substances dissolved in it and component G carries oxygen from the lungs to all the parts of the body.

(a) What is (i) tissue A (ii) pigment B, and (iii) colour C ?

(b) Name (i) D (ii) E (iii) F, and (iv) G.

(c) Name one substance (other than oxygen) which is transported by tissue A in the human body.

(d) Which two components of tissue A are the cells without nucleus ?

(e) Name any two organisms (animals) which do not have liquid like A in their body.

A liquid X of colour Y circulates in the human body only in one direction : from body tissues to the heart.

Among other things, liquid X contains germs from cells and dead cells. The liquid X is cleaned of germs and dead cells by a special type of white blood cells called Z. This cleaned liquid is then put into blood circulatory system in subclavian veins.

(a) What is (i) liquid X, and (ii) colour Y ?

(b) What are Z ?

(c) The liquid X is somewhat. similar to a component of blood. Name this component.

(d) Why is liquid X not red ? .

There is a pair of bean-shaped organs P in the human body towards the back, just above the waist. A waste product Q formed by the decomposition of unused proteins in the liver is brought into organ P through blood by an artery R. The numerous tiny filters S present in organ P clean the dirty blood by removing the waste product Q. The clean blood goes into circulation through a vein T. The waste substance Q other waste salts, and excess water form a yellowish liquid U which goes from organ P into a bag-like structure V

through two tubes W. This liquid is then thrown out of the body through a tube X.

(a) What is (i) organ P, and (ii) waste substance Q ?

(b) Name (i) artery R; and (ii) vein T.

(c) What are tiny filters S known as?

(d) Name (i) liquid U (ii) structure V (iii) tubes W, and (iv) tube X.