Q3 of 30 Page 40

(i) Name two rainiest stations.

(ii) Name two driest stations.


(iii) Two stations with most equable climate.


(iv) Two stations with most extreme climate.


(v) Two stations most influenced by the Arabian branch of southwest monsoons.


(vi) Two stations most influenced by the Bay of Bengal branch of south-west monsoons.


(vii) Two stations influenced by both branches of the south-west monsoons.


(viii) Two stations influenced by retreating and north-east monsoons.


(ix) Two stations receiving winter showers from the western disturbances.


(x) The two hottest stations in the month of (a) February, (b) April, (c) May, (d) June.


(i) Shillong and Mumbai are the rainiest stations of India. Shillong is a hill station in northeast India and capital of the state of Meghalaya. It’s known for the manicured gardens at Lady Hydari Park. Mumbai is a densely populated city on India’s west coast. A financial center, it's India's largest city. The city's also famous as the heart of the Bollywood film industry.


(ii) Leh and Jodhpur are the driest stations of India. Leh, a high-desert city in the Himalayas, is the capital of the Leh region in northern India’s Jammu and Kashmir state. Jodhpur is a city in the Thar Desert of the northwest Indian state of Rajasthan.


(iii) Thiruvananthapuram and Chennai have equable climate. Thiruvananthapuram is the capital of the southern Indian state of Kerala. Chennai is located on the Bay of Bengal in eastern India, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu.


(iv) Jodhpur and Delhi have most extreme stations.


(v) Mumbai and Thiruvanthapuram. The total area of Mumbai is 603 sq. km and the usual weather is 29°C, with an average humidity of about 79%. The total areas of Thiruvanthapuram is 214 sq. km. Thiruvanthapuram doesn’t have much variation in the climate. In summer the maximum temperature goes up to 35°C and minimum reaches to 22°C. The place is extremely humid in summers.


(vi) Kolkata and Shillong. In the month of June Kolkata receives rain from the Bay of Bengal and in the month of July, the rainfall is influenced by the Arabian Sea branch. However, Shillong receives rainfall from only Bay of Bengal branch only.


(vii) Delhi and Kolkata. Due to their geographic location, both Delhi and Kolkata are influenced by both the branches of south-west monsoons. When the monsoon is influenced by the Bay of Bengal branch, these stations receive more rainfall as compared to the Arabian Sea branch.


(viii) Chennai and Bengaluru. During the retreat and north-east monsoon, cities of Southern India receive rainfall as they do not get much rainfall during the normal south-west monsoon. The north eastern monsoon takes place from December to March when the surface high-pressure system is strong.


(ix) Delhi and Jodhpurare the cities that receive winter showers due to western disturbances. Western Disturbances are important for the development of the Rabi crop, which includes the locally important staple wheat. Western disturbances originate in the Mediterranean region. An average of four to five western disturbances takes place during the winter season. The rainfall distribution and amount varies with every western disturbance.


(x) (a) February: Thiruvananthapuram and Mumbai.


(b) April: Nagpur and Chennai.


(c) May: Nagpur and Jodhpur.


(d) June: Nagpur and Delhi.


More from this chapter

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1

In Table-I the average mean monthly temperatures and amounts of rainfall of ten representative stations have been given. It is for you to study on your own and convert them into ‘temperature and rainfall' graphs. A glance at these visual representations will help you to grasp instantly the similarities and differences between them. One such graph (Figure attached) is already prepared for you. See if you can arrive at some broad generalizations’ about our diverse climatic conditions. We hope you are in for a great joy of learning. Do the following activities.

 2

Re-arrange the ten stations in two different sequences:

(i) According to their distance from the equator.


(ii) According to their altitude above mean sea-level.


 4

Now find out


(i) Why are Thiruvananthapuram and Shillong rainier in June than in July?


(ii) Why is July rainier in Mumbai than in Thiruvananthapuram?


(iii) Why are southwest monsoons lessrainy in Chennai?


(iv) Why is Shillong rainier than Kolkata?


(v) Why is Kolkata rainier in July than in June unlike Shillong which is rainier in June than in July 2


(vi) Why does Delhi receive more rain than Jodhpur?

 5

Now think why


(i) Think why Thiruvananthapuram has equable climate?


(ii) Chennai has more rains only after the fury of monsoon is over in most parts of the country?


(iii) Jodhpur has a hot desert type of climate?


(iv) Leh has moderate precipitation almost throughout the year.


(v) While in Delhi and Jodhpur most of the rain is confined to nearly three months, in Thiruvananthapuram and Shillong it is almost nine months of the year?


In spite of these facts see carefully if there are strong evidences to conclude that the monsoons still provide a very strong framework lending overall climatic unity to the whole country.