Answer the following in two or three sentences each.

(a) What assurance did Sardar Patel give to the rulers of the princely states?

(b) Why did the ruler of Kashmir, Raja Hari Singh sign the ‘Instrument of Accession’ with India?

(c) How did Dr. T. B. Kunha endeavor for the liberation of Goa?

(a) Sardar Patel assured the princely states that in a contract with the government of India, only subjects of foreign relations, transport, communication, and defence would be monitored by the government of India, the rest of the subjects shall remain vested with the princely states itself. He also convinced the princely states on the benefits of their merger with the Indian government.

(b) As Pakistan started pressurizing Hari Singh, the ruler of Kashmir to accede to Pakistan, and sent intruders into Kashmir, he was left with no choice but to sign the instrument of accession with India.

(c) Dr. Kunha worked to bring about awareness amongst the people of Goa and bring to them the excess of the Portuguese government. He led the Goa congress committee against the Portuguese and founded the Goa youth league In 1945. He entered Goa in 1946 had violated the ban on public speech for which he was charged with sedition and sent to prison.