Why do you think the northern plains of India provide favourable conditions whereas the Himalayan mountains provide unfavourable conditions for the growth of railways? Give three reasons for both.

The condition in the northern plain is a favourable condition for the railways because of vast land, climate, population, and rich agricultural resources.

Reasons for favourable conditions:

• Vast land- The vast land makes a favourable condition for the construction of railways. This vast land means the flat land because the trains cannot move hilly regions.

• Population- The high population density makes them cost-effective for the construction of railways. When there is less population, then it makes the wastage of resources by constructing the railways.

• Resources- When the region is rich in resources then the transportation needs the railways and roadways. This huge transportation makes the construction of railways.

In Himalayan mountains, the population density is very less, and hilly areas make an unfavourable condition for the construction of railways.

Reasons for the unfavourable condition:

• Rugged terrain- The hilly region and rugged terrain make the unfavourable condition for the construction of railways.

• Sparse population- There must population to use the constructed railways. When there is a sparse population, it makes less incentive to construct the railways.

• Lack of economic opportunities- When there are less economic resources such as industries, factories, etc., it makes less sense to build railways because of lack of people for transportation.