Q24 of 29 Page 1

Analyse any four major developments in Indian politics after 1989.

OR


Examine the main provisions of the Rajiv Gandhi-Longowal Accord of 1985. How far was the Accord successful in bringing back normalcy in Punjab ? Explain.


In the decade of eighties, the country witnessed five main developments, which had a long lasting impact on politics:


1) End of Congress System


2) Mandal Issue


3) New Economic Reforms


4) Babri Masjid Issues


5) Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi 1989 elections lead to defeat of Congress and emerged the era of ‘Multi-Party System’ when no single party secured majority in Loksabha elections since 1989. It led to the era of coalition government also when regional parties played a crucial role in forming a ruling alliance.


OR


Punjab Accord was an agreement signed between the then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Harchand Singh Longowal, the then President of Akali Dal in 1985 to be known as ‘Rajiv Gandhi Longowal Accord’ also to create normalcy in Punjab:


1) Chandigarh would be transferred to Punjab.


2) To appoint a separate commission to resolve the border dispute between Punjab and Haryana.


3) A tribunal to be set up to settle down sharing of Ravi-Beas river water among Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan.


4) To withdraw the Armed forces special power Act in Punjab.


5) To provide an agreement for compensation to better treatment to those affected by militancy in Punjab.


But, peace could not be established easily in Punjab and resulted:


1) It led to many excesses by police and violation of human rights.


2) It fragmented the Akali Dal.


3) President’s rule was imposed and a normal Political process was suspended.


4) Hence, a Political process could not be restored in this atmosphere. Even during elections in 1992, only 24% electors turned out to vote.


5) Consequently above mentioned added to the tension between Punjab and its neighbouring states.


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22


In the given outline political map of India, five states have been marked as A , B ,


C , D and E . All these states were created after 1956. Identify them with the help


of the information given below and write their correct names in your answer book


along with the serial number of the information used and the concerned alphabet


shown in the map as per the following table :



(i) The state came into existence in the year 1966.


(ii) The state was created in the year 1987.


(iii) The state was created in the year 1960.


(iv) The state came into being in the year 2000.


(v) The state was created in the year 1972.

 23

Note : The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates only in lieu of Q. No. 21.


(i) When was the States Reorganisation Act passed ?


(ii) How many States and the Union Territories were created by the States Reorganisation Commission in 1956 ?


(iii) How many States and the Union Territories are there in India at present ?

 25

“Among the post-Communist countries after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, India’s relations with Russia have been the strongest.” Support the statement with any three examples.

OR


How did the idea of a New International Economic Order (N.I.E.O) originate ? In


1972, which four reforms were proposed by UNCTAD to benefit the Least


Developed Countries’ (LDCs)?

 26

Describe any three advantages and three disadvantages of popular movements.

OR


Describe any four features of movement in Assam against outsiders from 1979 to 1985.