Q2 of 33 Page 225

Homologous series predict the properties of the members of the series. Justify this statement through its characteristics.

The characteristics of homologues series are:

i. Each member of the series differs from the preceding or succeeding member by a common difference of CH2


ii. All members of each homologous series contain same elements and same functional groups.


iii. All members of each homologous series have same general molecular formula.


Alkane: CnH2n + 2


Alkene: CnH2n


Alkyne: CnH2n-2


iv. The members in each homologous series show a regular gradation in their physical properties with respect to increase in molecular mass.


v. The chemical properties of the members of each homologous series are similar.


vi. All members of each homologous series can be prepared by using same general method.


More from this chapter

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9

Match these words /sentences with appropriate statements given below:

(methanol, fermentation, catenation, homologous series, hydrogen gas)


i) The ability of carbon to form large number of compounds through self-linking property.


ii) Alcohols react with sodium to give this element.


iii) This series helps in giving knowledge and enables systematic study of members.


iv) Formation of simple molecules from complex organic compounds using enzymes.


v) Unlike ethanol, the intake of this compound in very small quantities can cause death.


 1

Fill the blanks in the given table using suitable formulae.

 3

Write the common name and IUPAC name of the following:

i) CH3CH2CHO ii) CH3COCH3


iii)


iv) CH3COOH v) HCHO


 4


Look at the diagram and answer the following questions:


i) What type of structure do diamond and graphite have?


ii) Why are diamonds used in cutting tools?


iii) Why is graphite used in electrical circuits?


iv) Name the force that accounts for the softness of graphite.


v) Name the precious diamond you know and give its weight in grams.