Look at the diagram and answer the following questions:

i) What type of structure do diamond and graphite have?

ii) Why are diamonds used in cutting tools?

iii) Why is graphite used in electrical circuits?

iv) Name the force that accounts for the softness of graphite.

v) Name the precious diamond you know and give its weight in grams.

i) In diamond:

Diamond exists in tetrahedral three dimensional structure.

In Graphite:

Every carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms by covalent bonds. Graphite exists in hexagonal layer structure.

ii) Diamond is used to cut metals due to the following reasons:

a. Brilliant, pure diamond is an extremely hard substance on the earth.

b. It is really very harder than metals and rocks present in the earth.

iii) Free electrons move continuously within the entire layer of graphite, thus it is a good conductor of electricity and mstly used in electrical circuits.

iv) Graphite is a soft metal due to the following reasons:

a. A graphite crystal is hexagonal.

b. The regular arrangement of atoms in graphite is in hexagonal layers.

c. The layers are loosely bounded with each other.

d. As there is weak Vander Walls forces present between them, hence the layers slide with each other.

e. This makes the graphite soft.

v) Blue moon diamond si one of three precious diamond.

In carat, its weight is 12.03 carat.

In grams

1 carat = 0.2 grams

12.03 carats =

⇒ 12.03 × 0.2 grams

⇒ 2.406grams

In grams, blue diamond weight is 2.406 grams