Trace the life-cycle of malarial parasite in the human body when bittern by an infected female Anopheles.

The malarial parasite if Plasmodium. It has 2 hosts i.e., mosquito and human.

1. It enters the human body as sporozoites (infectious form) through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquito.

2. The parasites first multiply within the liver cells and then attack the red blood cells (RBCs) resulting in their rupture.

3. The rupture of RBCs is associated with release of a toxic substance, haemozoin, which is responsible for the chill and high fever recurring every three to four days. After a while they change into gametocytes.

4. When a female Anopheles mosquito bites an infected person, these parasites enter the mosquito’s body and undergo further development.