With the help of an example, explain the process of hydrogenation. Mention the essential conditions for the reaction and state the change in physical property with the formation of the product.

The addition of hydrogen to an unsaturated hydrocarbon to obtain a saturated hydrocarbon is called hydrogenation.

Example- It has important industrial applications like preparation of vegetable ghee from vegetable oil.

Essential conditions for the reaction are:

a) Presence of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

b) Presence of a catalyst such as nickel (Ni) or palladium.

The changes in the physical property with the formation of the product are as mentioned-

a) Change of unsaturated compound from the liquid state to saturated compound in solid state.

b) The boiling or melting points of a product are increased.