Q20 of 60 Page 1

Write the functions of the following in human female reproductive system: Ovary, oviduct, uterus.

How does the embryo get nourishment inside the mother's body? Explain in brief.

(a) (i) Ovaries are primary reproductive organs in a woman.

Functions:


1) To make mature female sex cells called ‘ova’ or ‘eggs’


2) To produce the female sex hormones called estrogen and progesterone.


(ii) Oviduct also known as fallopian tubes.


Functions:


1) To transfer the female gametes (egg) from ovary to uterus.


2) The fertilization of egg (or ovum) by a sperm takes place in the oviduct.


(iii) Uterus – two oviducts are connected to bag like organ called uterus (womb)


Functions:


1) The growth and development of a fertilized ovum into a baby takes place in the uterus.


(b) The embryo get nourishment inside the mother's body through placenta that is a disc like special tissue that develops between the uterus wall and the embryo. It is through the placenta that all the other requirements of the developing foetus also like respiration, excretion etc., are met from mother’s body.


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18

After the examinations Rakesh with his friends went on a picnic to a nearby park. All friends carried cooked food packed in plastic bags or plastic cans. After eating the food some friends collected the leftover food and plastic bags etc. and planned to dispose them off by burning. Rakesh immediately checked them and suggested to segregate the leftover food and peels of fruits from the plastic materials and respectively dispose them off separately in the green and red dustbins placed in the corner of the park.

(a) In your opinion, is burning plastic an eco-friendly method of waste disposal? Why? State the advantage of the method suggested by Rakesh.


(b) How can we contribute in maintaining the parks and roads neat and clean?

 19

Explain why carbon forms compounds mainly by covalent bond. Explain in brief two main reasons for carbon forming a large number of compounds. Why does carbon form strong bonds with most other elements?

 21

How many pairs of chromosomes are present in human beings? Out of these how many are sex chromosomes? How many types of sex chromosomes are found in human beings? "The sex of a newborn child is a matter of chance and none of the parents may be considered responsible for it". Draw a flow chart showing determination of sex of a newborn to justify this statement.

 22

(a) State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a medium and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.

(b) The absolute refractive indices of two media 1A' and 1 B' are 2.0 and 1.5 respectively. If the speed of light in medium 1 B' is 2 x 108 m/s, calculate the speed of light in: (i) vacuum, (ii) medium 1A'.