A compound 'X' is constituent of baking powder. It is used as an antacid. When 'X' is heated, it gives out a 'Y' which when passed through lime water turns it milky, and salt 'Z' is formed which is the main constituent of washing powder. Identify X Y and Z. Write balanced chemical equations for the reactions involved.

i. It is given that ‘X’ is a constituent of baking powder and used antacid. This means ‘X’ is sodium bicarbonate.

ii. When sodium bicarbonate (X) is heated, it produces sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water. The reaction is given as:

NaHCO₃ + Heat → Na₂CO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

iii. When CO₂ (Y) produced in the reaction is passed through lime water (calcium hydroxide) turns it milky and form salt, i.e., calcium carbonate (Z). The reaction is given as:

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂→ CaCO₃ + H₂O

Thus, X is Na₂CO₃, Y is NaHCO_3, and Z is CaCO₃.