Q21 of 26 Page 1

Define the following with an example of each :

(a) Polysaccharides


(b) Denatured protein


(c) Essential amino acids


OR


(a) Write the product when D-glucose reacts with conc. HNO3.


D-glucose + HNO3→


(b) Amino acids show amphoteric behaviour. Why?

(a) Polysaccharides : These are the saccharides containing large number monosaccharides units joined together by glycosidic linkage they yield a large number of monosaccharides upon hydrolysis . eg:- starch, cellulose


(b) Denatured protein : Denatured protein are the protein when subjected to physical change like a change in temperature or chemical change like pH, the hydrogen bonds are disturbed and loses its biological activity. Since denaturation reactions are not strong enough to break the peptide bonds, the primary structure (sequence of amino acids) remains the same after a denaturation process, eg:- The coagulation of egg white on boiling.


(c) Essential amino acids : The amino acids which cannot be synthesized inside the body and must be obtained from diet taken by us are known as essential amino acids.eg:- Histidine, Valine etc.


OR


(a)



(b) As amino acid contains both acidic and basic group present into them. i.e. COOH and NH2 in the same molecule can lose a proton and amino group can accept a proton, giving rise to dipolar ion.



Hence, shows amphoteric nature.


More from this chapter

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19

Write the structure of the main products in the following reactions:

 20

(a) Why is bithional added to soap?

(b) What is the tincture of iodine ? Write its one use.


(c) Among the following, which one acts as a food preservative ?


Aspartame, Aspirin, Sodium Benzoate, Paracetamol

 22

(a) Write the formula of the following coordination compound : Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate (II)

(b) What type of isomerism is exhibited by the complex


(c) Write the hybridisation and number of unpaired electrons in the complex [CoF6 ]3- . (Atomic No. of Co = 27)

 23

Shyam went to a grocery shop to purchase some food items. The shopkeeper packed all the items in polythene bags and gave them to Shyam. But Shyam refused to accept the polythene bags and asked the shopkeeper to pack the items in paper bags. He informed the shopkeeper about the heavy penalty imposed by the government for using polythene bags. The shopkeeper promised that he would use paper bags in future in place of polythene bags.

Answer the following :


(a) Write the values (at least two) shown by Shyam.


(b) Write one structural difference between low-density polyethene and high-density polyethene.


(c) Why did Shyam refuse to accept the items in polythene bags ?


(d) What is a biodegradable polymer? Give one example?