Q2 of 29 Page 1

How did Karaikkal Ammaiyar become the greatest figure of Nayanar tradition? Explain.

Nayanars were devotees of Shiva. The presence of women made it notable. Karaikkal Ammaiyar was a Nayanar who adopted the path of extreme asceticism in order to attain her goal. She renounced social obligations and challenged the patriarchal norms. Her compositions are well preserved within the Nayanar tradition.


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17

Map Question

(1)(a) The place where Gandhiji called off the Non- Cooperation Movement.


(b) Agra, the imperial capital of Mughal.


(2) On the same outline map of India three places related to mature harappan sites are marked as A, B, C. identify them and write their correct names on the lines drawn near them.


 1

Why were Europeans during the 19th century interested in Stupas? Give two reasons.

 4

One of the most distinctive features of the Harappan cities was the carefully planned drainage system. Elaborate.

 6

The keeping of the exact and detailed record was the major concern of Mughal administration. Support the statement with the examples.