Q13 of 18 Page 1

Describe the sources from which we can reconstruct the political career of Gandhiji and the history of nationalist movement.

OR


How did the Salt March of 1930 mark a critical important stage in the progress of the anti-imperialist struggle in India? Explain.

The sources through which we can reconstruct the knowledge about Mahatma Gandhi's Political career and the history of nationalist movement are mentioned below:


a) Firstly, we can attain this from the writings of Gandhiji and other eminent political members.


b)The speeches of Gandhiji and his followers on his political role


c)The personal and public letters regarding his political thoughts about the country


d)The journals published by the government


e)Autobiographies


f)Information from the local people


g)Photos of Gandhiji


h)Records wrote by the policeman and other important officials.


i)Articles from newspapers and magazines.


j)Records prepared by the home ministry department


The Salt March of 1990 was an important stage in the progress of the anti imperialist struggle in India. This can be explained through the following points:


● The Independence Day was observed on the 26th January 1930, with the national flag being hoisted at different venues and patriotic songs were sung.


● Mahatma Gandhi announced that he would fight against the Salt law. This law was introduced by the Britishers which implied a heavy taxation imposition on the salt. This made it an expensive commodity for the common man.


● He chose salt as a weapon of resistance because it was a common good found in every household. The people had to pay a higher price for purchasing it.


● Gandhiji decided to lead a march from his ashram towards the sea.


● He reached his destination after three weeks, and made a fistful of salt. He thus, became a criminal as he broke the salt law.


● Parallel salt marches had already begun in other parts of the country.


● Muslims, Sikhs, Hindus and all the other castes were united. These were the steps towards Swaraj


● This was an important step in the fight against the Britishers because of many reasons. One of the reasons was that it brought Gandhiji to everyone’s notice. The American and European press also reported this and this event had a widespread coverage.


● This was the first nationalist activity which had women participation in large number.


● This Salt March made the British realised that their Raj over the Indians will not last long, and they would have to decentralize their power to Indians.


More from this chapter

All 18 →
11

Buddha laid stress on right conduct and values’. In the light of above the message, explain his teachings on life

OR


In the mid First millennium BCE, the religious thinkers tried to understand the mysteries of existence and relationship between human being and the cosmic world’. Explain.

 12

Explain the role of zamindars in the Mughal India during 16th -17th century.

OR


Examine the role of Panchayats in the rural society of Mughal Empire.

 14

Read the following excerpt carefully and answer the questions that follow:

THE MOST ANCIENT SYSTEM YET DISCOVERED


About the drains, Mackay noted: “It is certainly the most complete ancient System as yet discovered.” Every house was connected to the street drains. The main channels were made of bricks set in mortar.


They were covered with loose bricks that could be removed for cleaning. In some cases, limestone was used for the covers. House drains first emptied into a sump or cesspit into which solid matter settled while wastewater flowed out into the street drains. Very long drainage channels were provided at intervals with sumps for Cleaning. It is a wonder of archaeology that “little heaps of material, mostly sand, have frequently been found lying alongside drainage channels, which shows… that the debris was not always carted away when the drain was cleared.” From Ernest Mackay, Early Indus Civilization, 1948 drainage systems were not unique to the larger cities but were found in smaller settlements as well. At Lothal for example, while houses were built of mud bricks, drains were made from burnt bricks.


i. Why has MacKay described this system as complete ancient


drainage system?


ii. Was the drainage system similar in large & small settlements of of Harappa? Support your answer with Facts.


iii. How were the drains covered?

 15

. Read the following excerpt carefully and answer the questions that follow:

THERE CANNOT BE ANY DIVIDED LOYALITY


Gobind Ballabh pant argued that in order to become loyal citizens, people had to stop focusing only on the community and the self:


For the success of the democracy one must train him in the art of self- discipline. In democracies one should care less for him and more for others. There cannot be any divided loyalty. All loyalties must exclusively be centered on the state. If in a democracy, you create rival loyalties, or you create a system in which any individual or the group, instead of suppressing his extravagance, cares not for larger or other interest, then democracy is doomed.


i. Why did G.B. Pant want to see people as loyal citizens?


ii. What are the criteria for the success of democracy?


iii. How does G.B. Pant define the attributes of a loyal citizen?