(16.1) On the given political outline map of India, locate and label the following with appropriate symbols :

(a) Agra, a territory under Mughals

OR

Vijaynagara

(b) Champaran, a centre of National Movement

OR

Gwalior – a centre of the Revolt of 1857

(16.2) On the same outline map three places have been marked as A, B, C which are related to the mature Harappan sites. Identify them and write their correct names on the lines marked near them.

Read the following excerpt carefully and answer the questions that follow :

A prayer to Agni

Here are two verses from the Rigveda invoking Agni, the god of fire : Bring, O strong one, this sacrifice of ours to the gods, O wise one, as a liberal giver. Bestow on us, O priest, abundant food. Agni, obtain, by sacrificing, mighty wealth for us. Procure, O Agni, for ever to him who prays to you (the gift of) nourishment, the wonderful cow, May a son be ours, offspring that continues out line... Verses such as these were composed in a special kind of Sanskrit, known as Vedic Sanskrit. They were taught orally to men belonging to priestly families.

(14.1) Why was Vedic Sanskrit significant?

(14.2) Explain any two Vedic traditions of religious beliefs and practices.

(14.3) Why were sacrifices performed during Vedic Period?

Read the following excerpt carefully and answer the questions that follow :

The One Lord

Here is a composition attributed to Kabir :

Tell me, brother, how can there be

No one lord of the world but two ?

Who led you so astray ?

God is called by many names :

Names like Allah, Ram, Karim, Keshav, Hari and Hazrat.

Gold may be shaped into rings and bangles.

Isn’t it gold all the same ?

Distinctions are only words we invent....

Kabir says that are both mistaken.

Neither can find the only Ram. One kills the goat, the other cows.

They waste their lives in disputation.

(15.1) How has Kabir laid emphasis on the attainment of oneness with the divine? Explain.

(15.2) How do you think people waste their lives in disputation?

(15.3) How has the lyrical beauty of his poem made him a figure of inter-religious harmony? Explain.

Note : The following questions are for the visually-impaired candidates only in lieu of Q. No. 16.

(16.1) Mention any two territories under Babur.

OR

Mention any two centres of the Indian national movement

(16.2) Name any three mature Harappan sites

“Coinage plays a valuable role in determining certain period of Indian history.” Justify the statement giving two points.