Q4 of 57 Page 84

Give the full form of ELISA. Which disease can be detected using it? Discuss the principle underlying the test.

The full form of ELISA is Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay which is a diagnostic method which is used for the detection of the following diseases:

• HIV (i.e., Human Immunodeficiency Virus)


• Hepatitis B


• Hepatitis C


The principle of ELISA is to assay a reaction which uses an enzyme which can be easily assayed with an antigen or specific antibodies. Thus, it involves an antibody and an enzyme which gives a colour change reaction which is a diagnostic test for diseases detection. The concentration of antigens or specific antibody can be determined by ELISA.


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