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12. Biotechnology and its Applications
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Q11 of 57 Page 85

How is a mature, functional insulin hormone different from its prohormone form?

- Pro insulin contains 3 chains of polypeptides i.e. A, B & chain C.


Chain A have 21 amino acids, B contains 30 amino acids & chain c consists of 33 amino acids.


When C-peptide is removed and cut, A & B peptide chains are joined by disulfide bonds, mature, functional insulin is formed.


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ELISA technique is based on the principles of antigen-antibody interaction. Can this techique be used in the molecular diagnosis of a genetic disorder, such as phenyketonuria?

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Gene therapy is an attempt to correct a genetic defect by providing a normal gene into the individual. By this the normal function can be restored. An alternate method would be to provide the gene product (protein/enzyme) known as enzyme replacement therapy, which would also restore the function. Which in your opinion is a better option? Give reason for your answer.

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Transgenic animals are the animals in which a foreign gene is expressed. Such animals can be used to study the fundamental biological process, phenomenon as well as for producing products useful for mankind. Give one example for each type.

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12. Biotechnology and its Applications
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