What is the impact of rural-urban migration on the age and sex structure of the place of origin and destination?

Migration results in redistribution of population in a nation. Rural-urban migration represents one of the significant factors contributing to population growth occurring in cities. Age- and skill-selective migration from rural regions tends to produce an adverse influence on rural demographic structure. High migration causes serious imbalance in age-sex composition. The male population in working age groups migrate out of rural regions leaving children, old-aged people as well as females, which enhances the ratio of dependent population in rural regions. The situation is particularly tough for females as they have to be responsible for both economic as well as domestic work in villages, resulting in higher participation of females in agriculture with no decrement in their household workloads. In addition to this, it results in loss of human resource from rural areas, leaving them with unemployed as well as unskilled persons, thereby decreasing the total productivity and hence, hampering development of rural regions. Urban regions, thus, receive heavy migration of working age male population due to which the resulting sex ration becomes highly unfavourable for females, thereby giving rise to crime against females and enhancing their vulnerability.