Q52 of 60 Page 36

A compound C (molecular formula, C2H4O2) reacts with Na metal to form a compound R and evolves a gas which burns with a pop sound. Compound C on treatment with an alcohol A in presence of an acid forms a sweet smelling compound S (molecular formula, C3H6O2). On addition of NaOH to C, it also gives R and water. S on treatment with NaOH solution gives back R and A. Identify C, R, A, S and write down the reactions involved.

C is ethanoic acid or acetic acid (CH3COOH).


R is sodium acetate or sodium ethanoate (CH3COONa) and the gas evolved is hydrogen.


A can be methanol (CH3OH) or ethanol (C2H5OH).


S is ester or methyl acetate (CH3COOCH3), an ester.


The reactions involved in this process are as follows:


1. 2CH3COOH + 2Na → 2CH3COONa + H2


2. CH3COOH + CH3OH + Conc. H2SO4→ CH3COOCH3 + H2O


3. CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O


4. CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa+ CH3OH


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50

What is saponification? Write the reaction involved in this process.

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Esters are sweet-smelling substances and are used in making perfumes. Suggest some activity and the reaction involved for the preparation of an ester with well labeled diagram.

 53

Look at figure given below and answer the following questions.


(a) What change would you observe in the calcium hydroxide solution taken in tube B?


(b) Write the reaction involved in test tubes A and B respectively.


(c) If ethanol is given instead of ethanoic acid, would you expect the same change?


(d) How can a solution of lime water be prepared in the laboratory?


 54

How would you bring about the following conversions? Name the process and write the reaction involved.

(a) ethanol to ethene.


(b) propanol to propanoic acid.


Write the reactions.