Q20 of 27 Page 1

On the basis of your interpretation of the cartoon given below, answer the following questions:

a. Do you consider China effective enough to challenge the pre-eminent position of in the world? Evaluate China's role as an alternative centre of power to the US in this direction.


b. Suggest any two effective strategies to deal with US hegemony in the contemporary world order

a. The cartoon depicts that the China which is an emerging economy is entering to the superpower stage were the US is performing alone without any other nation. China is becoming the most successful economy in the world and it is rising as a great power. China is the fastest growing economy since 1978 and it is predicted that the Chinese economy is will overtake the US by 2040. Its economic combination makes it the driver of East Asian Growth, and it started influencing the regional affairs.


The integration of China’s economy and the inter-dependencies that this has created has enabled China to have substantial influence with its trade partners.Therefore the depiction of the cartoon is that China’s emergence will lead to the supreme power status in the world and will develop a superpower in the world.


b. It is after the World War the US hegemony has been increased all over the world. The main two strategies that deal with the Superiority of the US and its influence in the world are:


• Bandwagon strategy:


Bandwagon strategy is the method of engaging activities opposite to the hegemonic power that is the US and it was sensible to extract the benefits from the hegemonic power that too by operating with them. This is the type of strategy were the extracting benefits by operating with them is known as bandwagon strategy.


• Hide:


This is the form of strategy which implies to stay away from the dominant power that is a hegemonic power. It is the best fit strategy for the small states, whereas it is impossible to imagine for the megacities like China, India and Russia or for the agglomerations such as EU. For them, it is risky to hide because of the volume and length of the states.


More from this chapter

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18

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The first general election was the first big test of democracy in a poor & illiterate country. Till then democracy had existed only in prosperous countries, mainly in Europe andNorth America, where nearly everyone was literate. By that time, many countries in Europe had not given voting rights to all women. In this context, India's experiment with universal adult franchise appeared to be very bold and risky. An Indian editor called it "the biggest gamble in history". Organiser, a magazine wrote that Jawaharlal Nehru "would live to confess the failure of universal adult franchise in India"…but when the general elections were held it was admired equally by the observers outside India also. TheIndian experiment had proved the critics wrong. In fact, become a landmark in the history of democracy all over the world.


1. How the first general elections of 1952 became a major landmark in the history of democracy all over the world?


2. What problems did election commission confront while holding the first general elections in the country?

 19

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

The Emergency and the period around it can be described as a period of constitutional crisis because it had its origin in the constitutional battle over the jurisdiction of the parliament and the Judiciary…The emergency at once brought out both the weaknesses and strengths of Indian democracy. These critical years of emergency taught the most valuable and lasting lessons for the generations to come.


a. On what ground did Indira Gandhi impose National emergency in India?


b. Which two developments further added tensions between Judiciary and executive other than a constitutional battle over the jurisdiction of the Parliament and judiciary?


c. State any two important lessons learnt from the emergency period in India.

 21

In the given political map of India, five places are marked as A, B, C, D and E.

Identify them with the help of information given below and write their correct name in the answer book along with their serial numbers and the alphabet concerned.


i. A state which declared its Independence from India in 1951


ii. A state that was carved out of Assam in 1972


iii. A state where the Chipko movement was carried out


iv. The latest state of Indian Union


v. A state where an organization of Dalit Panthers was formed.


 22

Explain any three factors that are responsible for the failure of building a stable democratic rule in Pakistan.

OR


Describe the series of events that led to the formation of Bangladesh.