Expand the following and explain any one of them.

a) IVF

b) ZIFT

c) IUI

d) MTP

a) IVF stands for In-vitro Fertilization. In this process, fertilization of male and female gametes takes place outside the body in almost similar conditions as that in the body. In this method , ova from the female and sperm from the male are collected and are induced to form zygote under stimulated conditions in the laboratory. It is also known as test-tube baby programme.

(b) ZIFT stands for Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer. In this technique, the zygote or early embryos (upto 8 blastomeres) are transferred into fallopian tube.

(c) IUI stands for Intra-Uterine insemination. In this technique, the semen collected from the male donor is artificially introduced into the uterus of the female.

(d) MTP stands for Medical Termination of Pregnancy. The intentional or voluntary termination of the pregnancy before full term is called medical termination of pregnancy or induced abortion.