Classify Indian farming into two groups on the basis of the main source of moisture for crops. Explain both.

Farming is categorized into the following two groups based on the moisture accessible for crops:

(A) Irrigated Farming – The attributes of irrigated farming are as follows:

(i) In this kind of farming, the major source of moisture for crops is irrigation by different techniques such as tubewells, wells, etc.

(ii) Irrigated farming can be of two kinds based on objective of farming, protective as well as productive. Productivity can be increased via productive irrigation as well as crops that can be saved from droughts by giving them protective irrigation.

(B) Rain-fed Farming – The attributes of rain-fed farming as follows:

(i) In this kind of farming, the major source of moisture for crops as well as soil is rainfall.

(ii) Rain-fed farming is done in regions of wetlands and drylands in India. Dryland includes those regions that get annual rainfall of lesser in comparison to 75 centimetres. Crops cultivated herein are drought resistant. On the other hand, wetland includes those areas that get enough rainfall for cultivation of crops. Major crops include jute, sugarcane, rice as well as other water-intensive crops.