Q10 of 126 Page 196

Consider a circuit containing an ideal battery connected to a resistor. Do “work done by the battery” and “the thermal energy developed” represent two names of the same physical quantity?

The work done on the resistor by the battery is dissipated as heat, which is the thermal energy, developed by the resistor and hence both the phrases represent the same physical quantity.


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A fan with copper winding in its motor consumes less power as compared to an otherwise similar fan having aluminum winding. Explain.

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The thermal energy developed in a current-carrying resistor is given by U = i2Rt and also by U = Vit. Should we say that U is proportional to i2 or to i?

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Is work done by a battery always equal to the thermal energy developed in electrical circuits? What happens if a capacitor is connected in the circuit?

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A non-ideal battery is connected to a resistor. Is work done by the battery equal to the thermal energy developed in the resistor? Does your answer change if the battery is ideal?