Define the following terms:

(a) Polysaccharides

(b) Nucleotides

(a) Polysaccharides: Carbohydrates which yield a large number of monosaccharide units on hydrolysis are called polysaccharides. The monosaccharides are joined together by the glycosidic linkages. Some common examples are starch, cellulose, glycogen, gums, etc. Polysaccharides are not sweet in taste, hence they are also called non-sugars.

(b) Nucleotides: When nucleoside is linked to phosphoric acid at 5′-position of sugar moiety, we get a nucleotide. Nucleotides are joined together by phosphodiester linkage between 5′ and 3′ carbon atoms of the pentose sugar. They can be described as Sugar + Phosphate + Base.