A light ray is incident at an angle of 45° with the normal to a √2 cm thick plate (μ = 2.0). Find the shift in the path of the light as it emerges out from the plate.

A small object is placed at the center of the bottom of a cylindrical vessel of radius 3 cm and height 4 cm filled completely with water. Consider the ray leaving the vessel through corner. Suppose this ray and the ray along the axis of the vessel is used to trace the image. Find the apparent depth and the ratio of real depth to apparent depth under the assumptions taken. Refractive index of water = 1.33.

A cylindrical vessel, whose diameter and height both are equal to 30 cm, is placed on a horizontal surface and a small particle P is placed in it at a distance of 5.0 cm from the center. An eye is placed at a position such that the edge of the bottom is just visible (see figure 18-E8). The particle P is in the plane of drawing. Up to what minimum height should water be poured in the vessel to make the particle P visible?

An optical fibre (μ = 1.72) is surrounded by a glass coating (μ = 1.50). Find the critical angle for total internal reflection at the fibre-glass interface.

A light ray is incident normally on the face AB of a right-angled prism ABC (μ = 1.50) as shown in figure (18-E9). What is the largest angle ϕ for which the light ray is totally reflected at the surface AC?