List all the enzymes and their action on food in the stomach and intestine.

Digestive enzymes help to breakdown polymeric macro-molecules into small building blocks, which are required by our body to maintain a healthy life. These enzymes are also present in the saliva, where they assist the first step of digestion. The enzymes are classified on the nature of substrates they work. Digestive enzymes are broadly classified into four groups. They are:

• Proteolytic Enzyme: split proteins to amino acids

• Lipolytic Enzyme: split fats to fatty acids and glycerol

• Amylolytic Enzyme: split carbohydrate and starch to simple sugars

• Nucleolytic Enzyme: split nucleic acids to nucleotides

Stomach

The enzymes released by the stomach are known as gastric enzymes. Stomach secretes hydrochloric acid which kills bacteria and germs and provides an acid environment for proper enzymatic activity of protease enzymes.
Enzymes & Function:

• Pepsin- Breaks protein into small peptides

• Gastric amylase- Degradation of starch

• Gelatinase- Degradation of gelatin and collagen

• Rennin- Conversion of liquid milk to solid particles

• Gastric lipase- Degradation of butter fat

Small Intestine

The final step of digestion is carried out by the small intestine. It contains a group of enzymes that breakdown the products undigested by the pancreas. The food gets converted to semi-solid form by the activity of the enzymes present in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Enzymes & Function:

• Sucrase- Converts sucrose to disaccharides and monosaccharides

• Maltase- Converts maltose to glucose

• Lactase- Converts lactose to glucose and galactose

• Isomaltase- Converts maltose to isomaltose