Q16 of 38 Page 1

Analyze any four factors responsible for the downfall of the Janata Government in 1979.

Janata Party came to power after defeating Indira Gandhi humiliatingly in the post-Emergency polls in 1977.

1. The party had internal conflict.


2. There was no unique direction and leadership.


3. There was no common programme of the party.


4. The party got split and the government fell.


More from this chapter

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14

Explain the circumstances that led to the accession of Hyderabad to India.

 15

How did the methods of voting in free India go on changing from time to time till day? Explain the reasons also.

 17

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow :

In the event of a nuclear war, both sides will be so badly harmed that it will be


impossible to declare one side or the other as the winner, even if one of them tries to


attack and disable the nuclear weapons of its rival, the other would still be left with


enough nuclear weapons to inflict unacceptable destruction. Both sides have the


capacity to retaliate against an attack and to cause so much destruction that neither


can afford to initiate war. Thus, the cold war – in spite of being an intense form of


rivalry between great powers – remained a ‘cold’ and not hot or shooting war. The


deterrence relationship prevents war but not the rivalry between powers.


(i) Why did intense rivalry between the superpowers remain a cold war only?


(ii) Why can’t a nuclear war between the two nuclear powers be decisive?


(iii) Explain the logic of ‘deterrence’.

 18

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions that follow :

Despite the mixed record of the democratic experience, the people in all these countries of South Asia share the aspiration for democracy. A recent survey of the attitudes of the people in the five big countries of the region showed that there is widespread support for democracy in all these countries. Ordinary citizens, rich as well as poor and belonging to different religions, view the idea of democracy positively and support the institutions of representative democracy. They prefer democracy over any other form of government and think that democracy is suitable for their country. These are significant findings, for it was earlier believed that democracy could flourish and find support only in prosperous countries of the world.


(i) Assess the popularity of representative democracy.


(ii) Analyze the reasons for the widespread support for democracy in the five big countries of South Asia.


(iii) How far do you agree with the statement that democracy can flourish and find support only in prosperous countries?