You are given a tall pea plant and asked to find its genotype. How would you find its genotype? Explain.

If the diploid (2n) number of chromosomes in an angiospermic plant is 16, what will be the number of chromosomes in its endosperm and antipodal cells?

OR

State the reason why pollen grains lose their viability when the tapetum in the anther is malfunctioning.

Differentiate between spermiogenesis and spermiation.

Scientists tried to develop a single plant exhibiting the characteristic of tomato and potato by using cells from tomato and potato plants respectively. Name the procedure and list the steps to achieve this.

(a) How will you measure population density of fish in a lake ?

(b) In a pond there are 100 frogs. 20 more were born in a year. Calculate the birth rate of this population.

OR

Draw a ‘‘stable’’ human age pyramid. Comment on the population growth rate that is depicted by it.