Q3 of 48 Page 104

What is dialysis? Under what condition is it carried out?

Dialysis involves the use of artificial kidney or a dialysis machine. The patient’s blood is from the radial artery is led through the machine where excess salts and urea is removed. The purified blood is then returned to a vein in the same arm.


Dialysis is carried out in case of failure of both the kidneys. In case there is a permanent damage, then the dialysis is to be repeated for about 12 hours twice a week.


More from this chapter

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1

Define the following terms:

Osmoregulation

 2

Explain the terms ultrafiltration and selective absorption.

 1

Look at the figure given below. It is a section of a human kidney as seen from the front.


(a) Is it the left kidney or the right one? Give reason in support of your answer.


(b) Is it a longitudinal section or a cross-section?


(c) Name the parts numbered 1 – 5.


(d) Which area/part (give its name and the number given on the diagram) contains the following respectively:


(i) Malpighian capsule


(ii) The pyramids


(iii) Freshly collected urine

 2

Given alongside is the figure of certain organs and associated parts in the human body. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:


(a) Name all the organ-systems shown completely or even partially.


(b) Name the parts numbered 1 to 5.


(c) Name the structural and functional unit of the part marked '1'.


(d) Name the two main organic constituents of the fluid that flows down the part labelled '3'.


(e) Name the two major steps involved in the formation of the fluid that passes down the part labeled ‘3’.