The organ ‘A’ of a person has been damaged completely due to a poisonous waste material ‘B’ has started accumulation in his blood, making it dirty. In order to save this person’s life, the blood from an artery in the person’s arm is made to flow into long tubes made of substance ‘E’ which are kept in coiled form in a tank containing solution ‘F’. This solution contains three materials ‘G’, ‘H’ and ‘I’ similar proportions to those in normal blood. As the person’s blood passes through long tubes of substance ‘E’, most if the wastes present in it go into solution ‘F’. The clean blood is then put back into a vein in the person for circulation. (AS1)
A. What is organ A?
B. Name the waste substance B.
C. What are (i) E, and (ii) F?
D. What is the process described above known as?
A. The organ A is kidney.
B. The wastes substance B is urea.
C. (i) E is the dialyzer channel made up of synthetic fibers forming a semi-permeable membrane.
(ii) F is the dialyzing fluid which has the same composition as that of plasma free of nitrogenous wastes.
D. The above process is known as haemodialysis. In this process blood is taken out from the main artery and is mixed with an anticoagulant known as heparin. It is then pumped into the dialyzer where the ultrafiltration takes place. The cleaned blood is the pumped back into the through a vein after the addition of an anticoagulant.
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