Q23 of 25 Page 1

In what ways has Globalization affected the print media?

Globalization describes the way countries and people of the world cooperate and integrate.

Globalisation refers to ‘the way in which, in contemporary society, distant countries are inter-related and connected together by trade communication and cultural experiences’. All aspects of society, including print media, gets the influence of globalization.


During 1980s new technologies transformed the world of media.


The effects of globalisation can be summarised as:


1. Radio, television, internet and other technological advancements made media a bit flexible. This resulted in the fact that people’s dependence on print media for the know-how’s became partial.


2. To sustain print media companies entered into partnerships with mass media firms around the world


3. Print media borrowed information from the scopes of TV, internet to produce, provide and/or disseminate news and entertainment to domestic markets.


4. This increased the concentration of mass media ownership within and across national borders.


5. Corporate groups began to take over in international mass communication which includes print, visual and internet media.


6. Evolution from mass society to segmented society resulted in less importance to print media.


7. Print media became the secondary source of information.


8. New communication technologies installed in the print media sectors focus more on diversified, specialized information.


9. The audience of all mass media become increasingly segmented by ideologies, tastes and lifestyles and hence new strategies are adopted by the print media sector.


Thus it is obvious that Mass media plays a very important role to transform the whole world into a global family.


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Read the passage and answer the following questions :

The farmer’s cruel fate


We are staring, currently, at a period of record agrarian distress. Recently several thousand farmers marched to Delhi, across unions and political ideologies, to impress upon the government that their lives have been devastated by the whimsical and poorly thought out decisions of this government. It would have been a wake-up call for any other regime. But for a government intoxicated by its own hubris and with its priorities elsewhere, the valiant efforts were in vain.


Though it is impossible to summarise the myriad issues affecting farmers across the country, it is vital that we acquaint ourselves with their struggle. Farmer’s suicides have increased at an alarming rate. There has been a recorded increase of 40-46% in the number of farmer suicides across India.


Suffering farmers have adopted all sorts of mechanisms to try and catch the government’s attention. Farmers from Tamil Nadu have brought along skeletal remains of their kin who committed suicide. Peaceful farmers were forced to resort to loud protests in Mandsaur and were shot dead by an apathetic and cruel state government. Young children from Maharashtra who have lost their parents to suicides arrived in Delhi and waited patiently to be heard by the government. Not a single representative of the government bothered to acknowledge their presence, let alone grant them an audience.


The government continues to pursue policies that are bizarrely anti-farmer. For one, under GST, tractors and other agricultural implements are taxed at 12%, with some of their components such as tyres and tubes being taxed at 28%. The tax on fertilizers has risen from 1. 03% to 5%. Pesticides, which even a layman would attest are essential for farming, are taxed at 18%.


This year saw the highest ever domestic production of pulses at 22. 95 MMT. This would have been sufficient to meet domestic demand but instead, in an example of gross maladministration, the government imported a record 6. 6 MMT of pulses (at zero import duty no less).


This excessive supply led to a crash in prices affecting farmers and the domestic market. Separately in this same year, the government withdrew import duty on wheat from 25% to zero just as farmers were preparing to harvest their crop. This led to a massive increase in wheat imports (5. 9 MT) from abroad crashing domestic prices.


Source : Times of India, December 7, 2017


(a) ‘Farmers’ suicides have increased at an alarming rate. Support the statement with suitable reasons.


(b) What were the techniques used by the farmers to capture the government’s attention ? What were its effects ?