Q18 of 29 Page 1

Give the scientific name of the microbes from which cyclosporin A and statin are obtained. Write one medical use of each one of these drugs.

Cyclosporin A is used an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients. It is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum.


Statins are used as blood-cholesterol lowering agent. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. It is produced by yeast Monascus purpureus.


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Name the organism from where the thermostable DNA polymerase is isolated. State its role in genetic engineering.

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Study the flow chart given below:


(i) Identify the events that take place at stages (1) and (2) respectively.


(ii) State the importance of the technology explained above.


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Draw a labelled diagram of the microscopic structure of a human sperm.

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Convergent evolution and divergent evolution are the two concepts explaining organic evolution. Explain each one with the help of an example.