Q25 of 30 Page 1

Name any one restriction endonuclease and explain how it acts.

Restriction endonucleases are also called as molecular scissors. E.g. HindII, EcoRI.

Restriction endonuclease inspects the whole length of the double stranded DNA and search for the specific sequence. The specific sequence is a palindromic sequence and once it is found then they bind and cut both the strands of ds DNA helix from the sugar phosphate backbone by the both ends of the palindromic sequence.


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23

How do normal cells sometimes become concerous? Why are malignant tumors so feared?

OR


(a) What does high ‘Biological Oxygen Demand’ (BOD) of a water body indicate?


(b) Explain the changes in BOD level of the primary effluent during its secondary treatment in sewage treatment tanks.


 24

(a) Explain the principle on the basis of which DNA fragments separate in gel electrophoresis technique.

(b) How are the DNA fragments thus separated, visualised and isolated?


 26

(a) How did Eli-Lilly company produce genetically engineered insulin? Explain.

(b) Differentiate between the insulin thus prepared and that produced naturally in the human body.


 27

Explain with the help of one example each, the following types of population interactions:

(a) Mutualism


(b) Commensalism