Q15 of 50 Page 1

Give reasons for the following observations:

The treatment of alkyl chloride with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohol but in the presence of alcoholic KOH, the alkene is the major product,

When aqueous KOH is reacted with an alkyl chloride, KOH ionizes completely to give OH- ions and the hydroxyl ions being the strong nucleophile and a strong base react with alkyl chloride to give alcohol. The hydroxyl ion does not have the capability to extract a hydrogen atom from the alkyl chloride. The reaction is as follows:


In case of alcoholic KOH, the KOH molecule itself contains an alkoxide ion which itself is a very strong base as compared to hydroxyl ion and this alkoxide ion has the capability to extract a hydrogen atom from the alkyl chloride and thus alkene is obtained as the major product. The reaction is as follows:



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