Q7 of 46 Page 1

Give reasons:

(a) An increase in temperature is observed on mixing chloroform and acetone.


(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.


(a) On mixing chloroform and acetone, chloroform molecules form H-bonds with acetone molecules showing negative deviation from Raoult’s law. This is an exothermic process (ΔHmix = negative) i.e. energy is released due to increase in attractive forces and thus an increase in temperature is observed.


(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water because gases tend to dissolve less with rise in temperature. Dissolution of a gas into a liquid is an exothermic process. Hence, according to Le Chatiler’s principle, low temperature is a favourable condition on gases. Since, gases are more dissolved in cold water therefore, aquatic animals are more comfortable there.


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