Q1 of 102 Page 118

Two hungry boys (A and B) enter a restaurant and find a table decorated as follows:


Boy B starts salivating but not A. Explain the reason for this difference.

Salivation is an example of conditioned reflex that develops due to experience or learning. Saliva starts pouring when you chew or eat food. Therefore, this reflex will occur not just in the sight or smell of food. The brain actually needs to remember the taste of food. Boy B started salivating because he must have tasted that food prior to boy A.


More from this chapter

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5

Draw a labelled diagram of a myelinated neuron.

 6

During a street fight between two individuals, mention the effects on the following organs by the autonomous nervous system, in the table given below: (one has been done for you as an example).




























Organ



Sympathetic System



Parasympathetic System



e. g. Lungs



Dilates bronchi and bronchioles



Constricts bronchi and bronchioles



(1) Heart





(2) Pupil of the eye





(3) Salivary gland




 2

Given below are a few situations. What effective change will occur in the organ/body part mentioned and which part (sympathetic or parasympathetic) of the autonomic nervous system brings it about?













































Situation



Organ/Body part



Change/Action



Part of autonomic nervous system involved



1. You have entered a dark room



Eye



………….



………….



2. Your body is consuming lot of glucose while running a race



Liver



………….



…………



3. You are chewing a tasty food



Salivary gland



……………..



…………



4. You are running a race



Adrenal gland



………………



…………..



5. You are retiring to bed for sleep



Heart



……………



…………



6. You are shivering in intense cold



Body hairs



………….



…………






 3

Given below is the partially incomplete scheme of the components of the peripheral nervous system. Fill up the blanks numbered (1)-(8):