Different animals respond to changes in their surroundings in different ways. Taking one example each, explain “some animals undergo aestivation while some others hibernation”. How do fungi respond to adverse climatic conditions?

Some animals such as birds migrate to suitable places to avoid extreme conditions of the place where they usually live. But, some animals are unable to migrate, might avoid the stress by escaping in time. Animals such as snails and fish go into aestivation (summer sleep) to avoid heat and extreme dryness. Some animals such as bear go to wither sleep or hibernation to avoid extreme winter.

In bacteria, fungi and lower plants forms thick walled spores to overcome adverse or unfavorable condition. These spores germinate on the return of favorable conditions (availability of food and water).