How can we deal with various contemporary threats to security?

OR

Reforming the UN means a restructuring of the Security Council. Suggest measures to reform UNSC.

The security of a country is divided into traditional and non-traditional.

Traditional security is the security that is related to the use of military, war, the balance of power and Alliance building. It is concerned with the state and its governing institutions. It includes internal and external threats. Internal threats include maintenance of law and order within the territory of the country. External threats include military threat, the threat of war etc.

Nontraditional security is beyond the military. It refers to those situations in which human survival is under question. For example hunger diseases. It includes the state and individuals of all kind. It requires cooperation and Global Security.

We can deal with various contemporary threats to security in the following manner:

a) Most of the threats require cooperation rather than military intervention. The military can be used to fight terrorism and any threat of external attack.

b) International cooperation is also required to deal with matters like poverty, migration, movement of refugee etc. This is called cooperative security.

c) Cooperation can be bilateral, regional, global or Continental. It depends upon the nature of the threat and the willingness of the countries to respond.

d) Cooperation security also requires a force at times. This is done to deal with the governments who ignore the misery of their own citizens who are facing poverty or diseases, or when they're killing their own citizens

e) Cooperation security involved both National and international organisations. International organisations include UN- United Nations, World Bank, IMF- International Monetary Fund, WHO- World Health Organisation etc. Non-government organisations can also participate such as social activists, eminent leaders, trade unions, Red Cross and Amnesty International.

f) To deal with any kind of threat on a country's border, it may use the strategies of deterrence, defence, the balance of power and Alliance security

OR

The security council plays an important role in the UN. With the disintegration of the USSR in 1991, and many new countries adding in the UNm the situation has changed. Reforming the UN implies a restructuring of the Security Council.

i) The UN Security Council is a central primary organ which has the responsibility of maintaining international peace and security. It has an and democratic composition.

ii) It has 15 members. Five of these are permanent and 10 are non-permanent members.

iii) The five members enjoy veto power. They are given a high degree of power to maintain stability all over the world. They are from the first world countries.

iv) With the inception of UN, the membership has increased from 51 to 193. Many third world countries are expanding but do not have any representation in the UN Security Council as permanent members.

So many suggestions are made to reform the UN Security Council.

a) It is important to increase the number of new permanent and non-permanent members to the UN Security Council

b) These new members should be from Asia, Africa and South America.

c) There should be equal treatment between first world countries and third world countries.

d) The new members should also be given veto power or else will be powerless.

e) If the existing permanent members are not ready to share their veto power, then the veto power should be abolished.

So, it is suggested that the security council should reform and improve its working so that UN could be made more effective.