Describe any four criteria that have been proposed in recent years for new permanent and non-permanent members of the U.N. Security Council.

OR

Describe any four new sources of threats to non-traditional security.

The criteria proposed for the selection of the new permanent and non-permanent members of the UN Security Council is as follows:

a) The country must be a major economic and military player.

b) The country must have a large population, to increase the representation of individuals at the international level.

c) The country must respect and uphold democratic values.

d) The country must be making a substantial contribution to the UNO budget.

OR

The four major threats to non-traditional security are:

a) TERRORISM is defined as the deliberate targeting of civilian populations, like hijacking planes or bombing public places, by non-state actors.

b) GLOBAL POVERTY and increasing wealth gap fuels frustration and aggravates migration crises.

c) HUMAN RIGHTS abuses, such as Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait, genocide in Rwanda etc. have been viewed as threats to the world order.

d) DISEASES have spread across borders, and caused health epidemics like HIV-AIDS epidemic, SARS virus casualties etc. this is caused by greater migration of citizens.